Definition of Terms - 1

This section covers terminology in two primary areas; types of ostomies and continent procedures, and types of pouching systems (appliances) with the major accessories and supplies. The reader should be sure to“ know your ostomy”. This is critical information to provide any caregiver. The sections on types of appliances and accessories are intended to accelerate the new ostomates usage of the terminology and to teach that alternative systems and accessories exist. You are not locked into any pouching system. If you are having trouble with any appliance, consult your ET, caregiver or equipment supplier. Be receptive to trying a different appliance type or brand.

A. Types of Ostomies and Alternate Procedures.

The terms ostomy and stoma are general descriptive terms that are often used interchangeably, though they have different meanings. An ostomy refers to the surgically created openings in the body for the discharge of body wastes. A stoma is the actual end of the ureter or small or large bowel that can be seen protruding through the abdominal wall. The most common specific types of ostomies are described below:

Colostomy - The surgically created opening of the colon (large intestine) which results in a stoma. A colostomy is created when a portion of the colon or rectum is removed and the remaining colon is brought to the abdominal wall. It may further be defined by the portion of the colon involved and/or its permanence;

Temporary Colostomy - performed to allow the lower portion of the colon to rest or heal. It may have one or two openings (if two, one will discharge only mucous).

Permanent Colostomy - usually involves the loss of part of the colon, most commonly the rectum. The end of the remaining portion of the colon is brought out to the abdominal wall to form the stoma.

Sigmoid or descending Colostomy - the most common type, in which the end of the descending or sigmoid colon is brought to the surface of the abdomen. It is usually located on the lower left side of the abdomen.

Transverse Colostomy - the surgical opening created in the transverse colon, resulting in one or two openings. It is located in the upper abdomen and can be right or left sided.

Loop Colostomy - usually created in the transverse colon. This is one stoma with two openings; one discharges stool, the second mucous.

Ascending Colostomy - a relatively rare opening in the ascending portion of the colon. It is located on the right side of the abdomen.

Ileostomy - This is the surgical procedure during which the small intestine, usually at the end of the ileum, is brought through the abdominal wall to form a stoma. Ileostomies may be temporary or permanent, and may involve removal of all or part of the entire colon. (large bowel).

Ileoanal Anastomosis - This is not the most common alternative to the conventional ileostomy. Technically, it is not an ostomy, since there is no stoma. In this procedure the colon and most of the rectum are surgically removed and an internal pouch is formed out of the terminal portion of the ileum.

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